PubMed^® Literature Review

17 articles were analyzed, including 1 systematic review, 3 retrospective studies, 2 prospective studies, and 11 case reports. The publication dates of the articles spanned from 1996 to 2023. Based on the available evidence, the fixation of supracondylar femur fractures in pediatric patients can be approached using various techniques, including Kirschner-wire fixation (KF), external fixation (EF), locking plate fixation, flexible intramedullary nailing (FIN), and a combination of external fixation with limited internal fixation. The choice of technique should be individualized based on the patient's age, fracture characteristics, surgeon's experience, and available resources. KF and EF have been shown to achieve excellent outcomes for pediatric supracondylar femur fractures. KF has advantages in younger children, including shorter operative time, less blood loss, shorter length of hospital stay, and better radiological union and range of movement. EF can be considered in older children or in cases where KF is not feasible. Locking plate fixation and FIN are alternative options for the treatment of pediatric supracondylar femur fractures. Locking plate fixation allows for stable fixation and early mobilization, while FIN provides a minimally invasive approach with good outcomes. The combination of external fixation with limited internal fixation, such as double K-wire fixation, has been shown to be effective in achieving reduction and stabilization of fractures, with minimal complications. Complications associated with the fixation of supracondylar femur fractures in pediatric patients include refractures, fractures through pin sites, infection, malunion, loss of reduction, leg length discrepancy, and knee joint stiffness. However, the overall complication rates are relatively low, and most complications can be managed successfully. In conclusion, the management of supracondylar femur fractures in pediatric patients requires careful consideration of various factors, including patient age, fracture characteristics, surgeon expertise, and available resources. Both KF and EF can achieve excellent outcomes, with KF being advantageous in younger children. Locking plate fixation, FIN, and the combination of external fixation with limited internal fixation are alternative options. Complications can occur but are generally manageable.

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